Differentiation of cystic biliary atresia and choledochal cysts using prenatal ultrasonography

Purpose@#This study explored the performance of prenatal ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of cystic biliary atresia (CBA) and choledochal cyst (CC). @*Methods@#Fetuses diagnosed with hepatic hilar cyst in the second trimester were included in this study. A series of prenatal ultrasound examinations were performed in the second and third trimesters. The diameter of the gallbladder (GB) and hepatic cyst were measured, as well as the wall thickness of the GB. The GB-cyst connection, visibility of the right hepatic artery (RHA), and other concomitant abnormalities were carefully evaluated. A neonatal transabdominal ultrasound examination was performed within 1 week after birth, and clinical data were followed up to 6 months after birth. @*Results@#Between January 1, 2016 and January 31, 2020, 53 fetuses diagnosed with hepatic hilar cyst were recruited. Eight were excluded because they were lost to follow-up. Among the 45 cases included in this study, 10 were diagnosed with CBA and 35 with CC after birth. Statistically significant differences were found in GB width, wall thickness, change in GB width, change in cyst length, GB-cyst connection, and RHA visibility between the CBA and CC groups. GB width showed the best diagnostic performance with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.899. The combination of GB width, GB wall thickness, and GB-cyst connection yielded a comparable AUC of 0.971. @*Conclusion@#The GB should be carefully evaluated in fetuses with hepatic hilar cyst. Prenatal ultrasound findings could provide suggestive parameters for the differential diagnosis of CBA from CC.

Development and Application of Pharmacy Relevant Popular-science Video Courseware in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the development and application of pharmacy popular-science video courseware. METHODS ：Combined with the problems existing in the medication of patients with chronic diseases at the present stage and the key points of medication management ，the theme ，content and form of this popular-science were determined ；the video shooting and production were completed ，and publicity and promotion were carried out. Questionnaire survey was conducted ， and the reception of pharmacy outpatient service in our hospital was counted ；the broadcasting effects of popular-science video were analyzed. RESULTS ：The theme of popular-science video courseware was determined to be self-medication management of patients with chronic diseases at home assisted by pharmacists. Combined with the “five moments ”of medication safety proposed by WHO ， the content included six units as knowing pharmacists ，understanding drugs ，taking drugs ，adding drugs ，checking drugs ，and discontinuing drugs. PPT video was used to explain the contents of each unit ，with an average duration of about 25 min. After the first unit was launched ，a total of 39 327 hits were received within two months. A total of 100 questionnaires were sent out ，97 questionnaires were collected （recovery rate of 97.0％）. Among them ，80（82.5％）thought it helpful to watch the video. Within two months after the broadcast of unit 1 video，the reception volume of pharmacy outpatient department of our hospital （1 160 person times ）increased by 104.2％ compared with the two months in the same period last year （568 person times ），and increased by 18.7％ compared with the two months before the broadcast （977 person times ）；99 patients came to the pharmacy outpatient department to consult because of watching the video ，and 55.6％ of the registered patients consulted the demonstration of video courseware and repeatedly mentioned related problems. CONCLUSIONS ：It is a beneficial exploration for pharmacists to develop popular-science video courseware with the theme of safe and rational drug use. It is the direction for future work to increase the scope of disease types ，target different groups of people or focus on different types of drugs and promot them in various forms.

Analysis of beta-globin gene variants in Liuzhou area of Guangxi / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the composition and distribution of beta-thalassemia-associated genotypes in Liuzhou area of Guangxi, China.@*METHODS@#From January to December 2017, 13 847 individuals who came for premarital examination, maternity examination or health check were recruited with informed consent. The subjects were analyzed by reverse dot blotting (RDB) for 17 common beta-thalassemia-associated variants among the Chinese population. Individuals with inconsistent results by blood test, electrophoresis, and RDB were subjected to Sanger sequencing to detect rare variants of the beta globin gene.@*RESULTS@#In total 2098 individuals were found to harbor beta-thalassemia-associated variants, which included 2075 heterozygotes (98.90%), 12 compound heterozygotes (0.57%) and 11 homozygotes (0.52%). CD41-42 (48.43%) and CD17 (31.45%) were the most common variants. Three hundred and thirty eight-individuals were found to also carry heterozygous variants of the alpha globin gene, with the most common types being --SEA/aa, -a3.7/aa, aCSa/aa, -a4.2/aa. Through Sanger sequencing, rare genotypes such as beta-32/betaN, betaCD41-42/betaIVS-II-5 and betaCD30/betaN were detected.@*CONCLUSION@#Liuzhou area has a high incidence of beta-thalassemia, but with a complex variant spectrum and clinical phenotypes different from other regions. Genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for the carrier population is crucial for the reduction of the related birth defects. Our result may provide valuable information for the prevention and control of beta-thalassemia in this area.

Effect of honokiol on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human tongue cancer CAL-27 cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To study the effects of honokiol on proliferation, migration and apoptosis of human tongue carcinoma CAL-27 cells.@*METHODS@#Routinely cultured CAL-27 cells were treated with 20, 40, or 60 μmol/L honokiol and the changes in cell proliferation were assessed with MTT assay. The scratch wound healing assay was used to assess the migration ability of the treated cells, and the cell apoptosis was detected with Hoechst33342 fluorescence staining and annexin V-FITC/PI method. The protein expression levels of p-Pi3k, p-Fak, Fak, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-Akt, Akt, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3 in the treated cells were detected using Western blotting.@*RESULTS@#Treatment with honokiol at 20, 40, and 60 μmol/L for 24 h significantly lowered the proliferation and migration ability of CAL-27 cells. The number of apoptotic cells increased with the increase of honokiol concentration, which resulted in a cell apoptosis rate of (15.24±2.06)% at 20 μmol/L, (35.03±2.42)% at 40 μmol/L, and (48.13±4.61)% at 60 μmol/L, as compared with (6.53±1.80)% in the control group. The expressions of p-Pi3k, p-Fak, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-Akt and BCL-2 decreased and those of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 increased significantly in the cells after the treatment ( < 0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Honokiol can inhibit the proliferation and migration and induce apoptosis of CAL-27 cells possibly by regulating the expressions of p-Pi3k, p-Fak, MMP-2, MMP-9, p-Akt, Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved-caspase-3.

Expressions of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in recurrent patients after radical gastrectomy and its significance / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective:To investigate the expressions of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in recurrent patients after radical gastrectomy and its correlation with clinicopathologic features and prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 116 recurrent patients after radical gastrectomy between December 2011 and March 2019 in Fujian Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between HER2 expression of the tissues after radical gastrectomy and clinicopathological features as well as prognosis was also analyzed.Results:HER2 positive rate was 19.8% (23/116) in gastric cancer specimens of 116 patients after radical gastrectomy. HER2 positive rate in highly and moderately differentiated patients with gastric cancer was higher than that in those with poorly differentiated gastric cancer [33.3% (11/33) vs. 14.5% (12/83), χ2 = 5.292, P < 0.05]. HER2 positive rate in patients with lung metastasis was higher than that in patients without lung metastasis [42.1% (8/19) vs. 15.5% (15/97), χ2 = 5.517, P < 0.05]. There were no statistical differences in HER2 positive rate among gastric cancer patients with different gender, age, tumor location, recurrent site, TNM stage, number of metastasis, neurovascular invasion, liver metastasis, local recurrence (all P > 0.05). HER2 expression was not associated with disease-free survival time ( P > 0.05). Conclusion:HER2 expression is associated with the differentiation degree of gastric cancer and the location of distant metastasis, but it can not be used as a predictor for recurrence of gastric cancer.

Genetic variants of familial hematuria associated genes in three families with hematuria with probands initially diagnosed as IgA nephropathy / 中华儿科杂志

Objective@#To examine genetic variants of familial hematuria (FH) associated genes in 3 families with hematuria with probands initially diagnosed with IgA nephropathy (IgAN).@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data, laboratory tests and genetic test results of three children with hematuria and the probands in three families with hematuria. The families were ascertained at the Department of Pediatrics, Fuzhou General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command from August 2014 to May 2018.@*Results@#The proband of Family One, an 8-year-old boy, manifested gross hematuria. His renal biopsy pathology revealed IgAN. His father also manifested hematuria. Genetic testing showed that the proband and his father carried a heterozygous variant of the CFHR5 gene,533A>G (Asn178Ser). The child of Family Two, a 4-year-old girl, manifested hematuria. Her father, the proband of the family, was 36 years old, and manifested hematuria, proteinuria, high-frequency sensorineural deafness and renal insufficiency. He was diagnosed as IgAN according to clinical manifestations, renal pathology and routine immunohistochemistry without renal biopsy electron microscopy, renal tissue type Ⅳ collagen α3, α4, α5 chains immunofluorescence and skin type Ⅳ collagen α5 chain immunofluorescence. Genetic testing showed that the girl carried a heterozygous variant of the COL4A5 gene,566G>T (Gly189Val), and her father carried the hemizygous variant. The child of Family Three, a 7-year-old girl, manifested hematuria and proteinuria. Her mother, the proband of the family, was 34 years old, and manifested hematuria and proteinuria as well. The proband was diagnosed as IgAN by the same method used for Family Two. The girl′s grandfather died of uremia at the age of 44. Genetic testing showed that the girl and her mother carried a heterozygous variant 539G>A (Gly180Glu)in COL4A5 gene.@*Conclusions@#The variant of the CFHR5 gene identified in Family One is of uncertain signifance, and the two variants of the COL4A5 gene identified in Families Two and Three are pathogenic. The probands of Families Two and Three are diagnosed as Alport syndrome. The study suggests that clinicians should examine genetic variants of FH associated genes in families with hematuria when the probands were diagnosed as IgAN by their clinical manifestations, renal pathology and routine immunohistochemistry.

The influences of the establishment of breast milk bank to the premature infants in the hospital / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To discuss the influences of the establishment of breast milk bank to the premature infants in the hospital. Methods The clinical datas of 239 premature infants admitted in NICU from Feb 2017 to Jan 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Dividing them into two groups, one was control group that the premature infants born before the establishment of breast milk bank, the other was observation group that the premature infants born after that. Both groups were taken the same treatment;and fed the autogenous breast milk or donated breast milk or premature milk based on the intention of infant′s family. Results In observation group,the breastfeeding rate was 67.5％ (85/126),the average hospital-stay time was (24.5±4.4) days.But in control group, the breastfeeding rate was 34.5％(39/113),the average hospital-stay time was (36.3±8.3) days, there were significant differences between the two groups (χ2=4.217, t=2.941, P<0.05).The complications in observation group included necrotizing enterocolitis (5 cases),bronchopulmonary dysplasia(3 cases), retinopathy of prematurity (5 cases) and sepsis (6 cases), the incidence of which was lower than that in control group. But, there was statistical significance in the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis only (χ2=3.989,5.386,P<0.05). Conclusions The establishment of breast milk bank can help to improve the breastfeeding rate of premature infants,shorten the hospital-stay time,reduce the incidence of NEC and sepsis,make premature infants recover more quickly.

Diagnosis and treatment of renal glucosuria / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Renal glycosuria (RG) is an inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption of glucose by the proximal renal tubular.It is attributed to the mutations in the SCL5A2 gene,encoding the sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2).A defect of SGLT2 is responsible for impaired reabsorption of the filtered glucose in the proximal renal tubular,termed S1,which leads to glycosuria.RG is characterized by normal fasting serum glucose concentration and persistent isolated glucosuria,identification of glucose as the urinary sugar.The inherited pattern of RG is co-dominant inheritance trait with incomplete penetrance.The diagnostic criteria of glycosurias are as follows:a constant and relatively stable urinary glycosurias (10-100 g/d),identification of glucose as the urinary sugar,normal concentration of fasting plasma glucose and normal oral glucose tolerance test,evidence that individuals have normal carbohydrates intake,storage and metabolism.RG does not require special treatment generally,but the advice concerns diet with increasing the intake of carbohydrates.Physical activity should be moderate and professional,and excesive muscle and exercise should be not advisable.

The Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Maternal Serum of Fetuses with Congenital Heart Defects by Using the iTRAQ Technology / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To screen for serum protein differentially expressed between women whose fetuses had congenital heart defects(CHD) and women who had normal fetuses. Methods Serum samples were collected from pregnant women whose fetuses had CHD and those whose fe?tuses had no CHD,including a CHD group of 40 women and a control group of 10 women. The CHD group included 4 subgroups as follows:tetralo?gy of Fallot,ventricular septal defects,persistent truncus arteriosus,and a mixture of relatively rare types of CHD(n=10 each). Samples in the same group were pooled to obtain equal amounts of proteins ,and the iTRAQ proteomic approach was used to identify and quantify the proteins dif?ferentially expressed among these groups. Results We successfully identified 606 proteins,among which 47 showed at least a 1.5?fold difference between the CHD and control groups. Among the 47 proteins,23 and 24 were upregulated and downregulated,respectively. Conclusion Several proteins associated with CHD could be identified by using the iTRAQ proteomic approach ,and various proteins were involved in the pathogenesis of CHD in this study.

Clinical efficacy of ambroxol intravenous and budesonide atomizing inhalation combined with cefodizime on infantile pneumonia / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of ambroxol intravenous and budesonide atomizing inhalation combined with cefodizime on infantile pneumonia and its effects of serum PCT, IL -6 levels and related immune factors.Methods 95 children with pneumonia from May 2013 to October 2015 in Sanya Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were collected and randomly divided into control group(n=47) and experiment group (n=48), two groups were treated by clinical routine treatment, such as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, strengthen nutrition in children, and control group were added with ambroxol, iv, qd; experiment group were added cefodizime on the basis of control group, the course was one week.Clinical efficacy,serum PCT, IL -6 levels, immune factors and adverse reactions were observed and compared.Results The serum PCT and IL -6 levels of experiment group were lower than control group post-treatment, and CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 +levels were higher than control group, CD8 +level was lower than control group, the differences were all significant (P<0.05).The effective rate of experiment group was 93.75%, higher than 80.85% of control group(P<0.05).Incidence of adverse reactions between two groups had no statistical difference.Conclusion Ambroxol intravenous and budesonide atomizing inhalation combine with cefodizime in treatment of infantile pneumonia has better clinical efficacy, could effectively reduce the serum PCT and IL-6 levels, effectively improve the clinical symptoms.

Relationships between human parvovirus B19 VP1 unique region protein and autoimmune diseases / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Human parvovirus B19, generally referred to as B19 virus, has been closely associated with a variety of different autoimmune diseases due to the features of its capsid protein. B19 virus VP1 unique region protein that has sites of phospholipase A2 and several antigenic determinants is exposed on the outside of the viral capsid protein. As a result of that, B19 virus VP1 unique region protein can stimulate the host to produce autoantibodies, which induces and/or aggravates the autoimmune diseases. The biological characteristics of B19 virus VP1 unique region protein and its relationships with autoimmune diseases are de-scribed in this review based upon the published literatures and the work achieved by our research team. This review will be helpful to the prevention and treatment of B19 virus infection.

The prevalence, awareness, and control of hypertension in Xianghe county of Hebei province / 中华内科杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence,awareness,control status and associated risk factors of hypertension in a rural population in Xianghe county in North China.Methods A total of 830 adults (aged≥35) from Xianghe county were examined during July to August,2011.Blood pressure was obtained using a standardized sphygmomanometer after a 5-minute sitting rest.Information on gender,age,education level,marital status,smoking,drinking,income,family history of hypertension and use of antihypertensive medications was obtained.Results A total of 42.4％ of all subjects had hypertension.Among those with hypertension,the awareness rate was 54.8％ and 50.0％ of the patients were taking antihypertension medication with the control rate of 11.9％ [BP ＜ 140/90 mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa)].Lower age and education level,lower body mass index,negative family history of hypertension were associated with poor awareness of hypertension and worse compliance with the treatment.Older age,positive family history and alcohol consumption were associated with poor blood pressure control.Conclusions Hypertension is highly prevalent in Xianghe rural area.The awareness,treatment and control rate are all low.There is an urgent need for comprehensive strategies to improve prevention,screening,and treatment of hypertension in rural China.

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal pulmonary hypoplasia / 中国医学影像技术

Pulmonary hypoplasia (PH) may lead to severe respiratory distress immediately after birth,even neonatal death. The etiological factors, clinical, ultrasonic and pathologic characteristics of PH and the proposed methods for the prenatal diagnosis were reviewed in this article.

Relationship of Resistance to Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and Genes sul1 and sul2 in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To detect genes sul1 and sul2 in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,and their relationship to drug resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(SXT).METHODS K-B was carried out to detect the drug resistance to SXT of S.maltophilia;minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) was measured with micro broth dilution method.Genes sul1 and sul2 were amplified by PCR.RESULTS Eight isolates(7.8%) showed resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,sul1 Was positive in four isolates in which one contained sul2 also.Four isolates showed high MIC to SXT.CONCLUSIONS Genes sul1 and sul2 of S.maltophilia are associated with the high drug resistance to SXT.

Improvement of Light Cycler seeking-out capability / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To change methods of experiments for increasing Light Cycler's ability to seek out samples of function.Methods To increase the quantity of the reaction of substance,proceed to amplification in advance,and increase the seeking temperature etc.Results Above methods affects inapparent to the accuracy of the examination result,the method of increasing the seeking temperature is particularly simple and practical.Conclusion The inside clinical laboratory science process can adopt the above methods to increase the LightCycler's seeking-out function according to actual circumstance.